Risk Management of Small Credit Loan

 

RESEARCH ON THE RISK MANAGEMENT OF SMALL CREDIT LOAN IN A BANK

Executive summary

Microcredit organizations provide small loans to the poor population, especially those residing in rural areas, to promote the economy’s growth. However, microcredit organizations face significant credit risk considering that they give credit to people who do not have collateral assets or formal jobs, which can help pledge the credits. This research aims to study the risk management of microcredits of “A” bank, a Chinese rural bank. Credit risk is the most challenging issue at “A” bank, which is contributed by both internal and external factors. The collection of data from “A” bank was collected using questioners whereby employees from the senior management, middle level, and assistant staff participated in the research by responding to the questions. According to the respondents, managing the credit risk in the organization is a significant issue. The bank has a developed and implemented risk management plan, but not all the credit providers adhere to the various procedures. The service providers use the 5Cs of assessment to evaluate the creditworthiness of the borrowers since there are no collaterals. After approving the loans, they use traditional collaterals, like household assets, to secure their loans. According to the respondents, In a case of overdue credit defaults, the service providers make call follow-ups to threaten the clients or use the community leaders to link them to the clients. Making legal accusations in a court is not an option because they would end up incurring more cost. The provided recommendations for A bank include introducing more strict punishments measures, developing the credit system with optimization of the product design of the microcredits, promoting the staff’s training, and supporting the development of insurance guarantee for the small loans. Small credit organizations are vital to the growth of the economy and should receive the support of their business.

Introduction

Risk management of small credit loans in the financial industry is among the major concern for commercial banks in China, especially the small rural commercial banks. Credit risk in the rural commercial banks in China has significantly affected microfinance organizations, increasing the attention to credit risk management. This paper aims to research the risk management of microcredit loans in the rural financial institutions in china using the case of A rural commercial bank. The scopes of the paper will include an evaluation of the current credit risk situation of A bank and the various factors contributing to the rampant credit risk. The paper will also address various credit risk management measures and recommendations for “A” bank, which other rural commercial banks can use in China to enhance their credit risk management. Credit risk and credit risk management of A rural commercial bank in china are the major concepts of this paper. Credit risk in this context refers to the risk of small credit borrowers defaulting to make the planned payments to the bank as per the initial agreement. Credit risk management refers to the countermeasures used to minimize the credit risk, which is rapidly increasing in China, especially for the micro-credit facilities in rural areas. “A” bank should enhance their risk management by enhancing the mechanism of credit rating for the small loans while supporting the small customers financially and with the appropriate preferential support. Additionally, A Bank has to establish integrations of rural revitalization policies for the small credits and solve the existing challenge of small loan payment inconveniences, especially for the small clients. Optimization of the management process of small credits by enhancing the inspection process and the external supervision. Enhancement of the penalties is another aspect which “A Bank can use to ensure that their credit system is strong and support the training of business personnel, and establish insurance guarantee for the microcredits. Adopting the credit risk management practices is essential for “A” bank in the sustainable improvement of its transformation process.

Background

“A” bank is a Chinese rural financial institution that is a microfinance provider. “A” bank offers microcredit services to a low-income market which has a significant contribution to the emerging economy in china. Lending credits to low-income clients is faced by extreme credit risk, which is the most significant issue facing A bank. However, there are various aspects that are perceived to impact shaping the bank’s capacity to transform its business processes and workforces where possible. Firstly, the performance rate of microcredit is contributed by internal and external factors, including families, individuals, education level, external environment, and general family income. The internal credit risks are commonly influenced by the poor capability of managing credit administration. The bank should have well-trained personnel who understands how to establish accurate credit ratings and the financial levels for the clients. In most cases, families with low income may face challenges while repaying their credits, and if they don’t get well supervised, they end up defaulting payment or stay with overdue loans. Therefore, it’s critical to establish close supervision on microcredit customers, especially for the banks located in rural areas. The external factors include the declining economic growth in the financial industry in China. Since 2017, the credit risk for the rural micro-credit facilities has been gradually rising, threatening the performance of small rural banks like “A” bank. A bank has been experiencing increasing pressure deteriorating the quality of assets indicators like the non-performing assets. Secondly, A bank lacks a proper construction for localization, contributing to an inadequate quantitative system and reduced accuracy when applying m credit risk control measures. The commonly used control measures in the rural banks of china are based on foreign theories. In most cases, the application of theories fails to link with the actual situation at the bank concerning credit risk management. Thirdly, A bank faces the challenge of risk and professional degree mismatch. Despite the constant expansion of the facility, there have been significant problems over the years, which are related to a mismatch of expertise for the banks business personnel. As a result, the microcredit risk has increased because the business personnel effectively disperses the credit risk. It’s essential to understand that the credit risk process may be biased. Thus the personnel should be able to differentiate between the customer rating from the system and the actual situation for the clients who need to be given loans. Fourthly, an ineffective organizational system is another aspect that has significant impacts on microcredit risk management. “A” bank lacks an efficient organizational system for the microcredits considering that the development system is not sustainable. Promoting inclusive finances is not efficient enough. The application effect concerning the rural microcredits should get enhanced because, in the current situation, the risk awareness is weak. Lastly, there is an inefficient credit risk control system for the rural small credit facilities, which is contributed by the lack of guarantee insurance business that secures the small credit customers. Lack of guarantee prevents risk transfer measures. Poor control system for the small loans also result in high credit cost and lead to a risk resulting from asymmetry information between borrowers. Although credit risk management for microcredits is not addressed in many kinds of research, it’s essential to promote rural micro-credit facilities.

Methodology

The project used data collected through questionnaires for A bank rural microfinance facility located in china. The project focuses on the study of risk management practices for A micro-credit bank. To ensure that the data collected focused on issues affecting microcredit issues of the bank, various issues were considered for the research. Firstly, all the respondents were supposed to be employees of A bank. They should have participated in departments that provide microcredits to the normal people in the rural area. Additionally, the respondents should have actively operated in the facility for a minimum of two years. Following the outlined criteria, 70 micro-credit service providers were selected to participate in the research by answering the questioners provided. However, all the 70 expected respondents didnt participate because twenty of them did not show up for the exercise. 34.1 percent of the respondents were senior in the management, 43.9 percent were in the middle-level management, and 19.5 percent were from the low management level staff in the facility. The table below represents the categories of the

Respondents for the categorical variables

variables	Categories of respondents	frequency	Percentage (%)
1. What is your position within A bank?	Senior-level management	14	34.1
	Middle-level management	18	43.9
	Low-level management	8	19.5
	Others assistant personnel	1	2.4

Source; self-made

A bank has been operating for an average of 10.1 years, and the average period that the respondents who answered the questionnaire have worked for the bank in their current positions for an average of four years. In addition, the average number of employees was 13, and the people who participated in the research were conversant with the facilitys policies and regulations because they had significant experience at the facility. The table below shows micro-credit risk management practices rating based on the collected information.

The micro-credit management practices ratings

Source; Zhang, J., Huntsinger, L., Li, Y. and Li, W., 2018

According to most respondents, they usually depend on the analysis of the level of affordability for the client intending to borrow and the traditional credit scoring. Some respondents said that they enquire about the credit bureau services. However, a significant number of the respondents prefer to develop and test the client’s trustworthiness by lending them smaller amounts and making the credits grow upon timely completion within the stipulated agreements. Very few borrowers at A bank borrow loans as a group, and often people use collateralization when making decisions. The participants in the research were required to provide a rating regarding how they use various practices for loan overdue management. The following table shows the loan overdue management practices ratings.

 

 

 

 

Loan overdue management practices rating

variables	categories	frequency	Percentage (%)
Following up with the clients by calling them	never	0	0
	Seldom	0	0
	Sometimes	0	0
	Often	6	15
	Always	35	85
Consulting with community leaders to pressure the microcredit clients when they default to pay.	Never	27	66
	Seldom	2	5
	Sometimes	2	5
	Often	10	24
	Always	0	0
Making announcements publicly via national media	Never	27	67
	Seldom	2	5
	Sometimes	3	7
	Often	2	5
	Always	7	17
Taking legal actions clients with overdue credits	Never	0	0
	Seldom	2	5
	Sometimes	25	61
	Often	7	17
	Always	7	17
Penalties for overdue credits	Never	0	0
	Seldom	0	0
	Sometimes	19	46
	Often	6	15
	Always	16	39

 

Many respondents who offer credit services make a call to follow up with the customers and threaten them by imposing penalties. However, they barely impose legal actions considering that the cost of doing so may exceed the benefits. In line with the Chinese reality, half of the microcredit providers report to the community leaders to pressure them to honor the agreements of their overdue loan. According to the respondents, A bank has some risk management strategies put in place, and internal control measures are already established. However, only around half of the micro-credit policies are written down. The micro-credit providers hardly take time to establish an active identification of the possible risk categories and document the prioritized aspects regarding the customer.

From the A bank research, a study was conducted to identify how the respondent’s position in the microfinance facility has any connection with his/her micro-credit risk management perception. According to the responses from more than three-quarters of the respondents, the relationship between the service providers position and their risk management perception is significant. For instance, the senior management and business owners strongly believe that the set risk appetite is operating. The major challenge is that a quarter of the owners see the risk assessment plan in operation, leaving out three-quarters of the management failing to supervise. Most senior management agrees that microcredit risk management practices must be adhered to and regularly monitored based on updated technology. However, less than a quarter of the business’s top management personnel supervise the processes and activities completed by the credit service providers to confirm that the operations are done based on the laid procedures and strategies.

Literature review

Poor households are especially residing in the rural areas of china face financial challenges which hinder their economic development. Lending to such a population has a high risk because they lack pledge assets or formal jobs which can be used to secure the credits they need (Huang, 2018). To solve their situation, the government of China has supported the development of microcredit facilities to minimize poverty in the country. The micro-credits play a critical role in the low-income population by supporting them with small credits, saving services, and insurance policies for the low-income markets (Revindo and Gan, 2017). The major aspect of efficient management of microcredit for the small microcredit providers is achieved by establishing effective management of customers credit. Small credits usually get borrowed by individuals or groups with low income. Therefore the risk of having the borrowers defaulting payment as per the initial agreement is extremely high, especially in underdeveloped countries where the economy is under crisis (Mao, Zhu, Wachenheim, and Hanson, 2020). The financial industry in china is significantly affected by its economy, which has been transitioning over the years. Thus, the micro-credit risk is high, especially in the rural areas where people have low income to support their living (Loubere, 2018). The small credit risks may result in bad debts, bankruptcy at the small financial facilities. There are various methods that can be used to select clients who are trustworthy and can honor the agreement of paying back their loans within the agreed time. A bank uses the five Cs when selecting reliable borrowers and managing credit risk. The 5Cs focus on evaluating the clients character capital, capacity, collateral, and condition which uses a score to weigh the trustworthiness and potential of the borrower to make the loan repayment as per the agreement. Considering the asymmetric information lying between micro credit lenders and borrowers, the small lenders should seek for a mechanism which they can use to for the evaluation of unknown default risk to ensure that they dont face moral hazards and adverse selection. According to the respondents of questioners from A rural bank, the micro finance facility have various micro credit management put in place although they mostly depend on the use of traditional credit scoring and evaluation of clients affordability. Additionally, according to the research more than half of the respondents usually depend on developing the trust of the borrowers depending on their convenience when making payments. They start by giving clients small loans which keep growing if the borrowers pay in good time. That may not be enough which explain the reason why there should be a mechanism that evaluates the unknown credit risks on borrowers. The most common credit management practices which A rural bank commonly use include the strategy of starting by lending the small borrowers small amounts while the credit size keep growing depending on the existing credit data history of the borrower . Secondly, A bank always uses customers orientation, although they never or seldom apply customers orientation. Character based lending methodology is used at a rating of 37 percent while the peer monitoring via group lending methodology is used at a rating of 27 percent. On the other hand, although surety ships sometimes or never get used at A rural bank the credit service providers use the policy at a rating of 10 percent. Collaterisation is hardly used at A bank when the clients when offering loans to small borrowers. Collertarals get applied at a rating of 2 percent for securing bigger loans. According to the data collected from the research of A rural bank, the facility and service always use credit bureau data to establish the creditworthiness of their customers. The clients’ affordability and credit scoring calculations are among the commonly used policies when the bank is offering micro-credits to small borrowers.

According to the available research, micro-credit borrowing has been the primary drawback for the rural banks, especially in China, where the economy is always in a transition. Based on (Wang, Wang, and Wang, 2017) research, lending operations are a controversial and hard matter because many microcredit lenders complain about the big losses they suffer from bad loans when the borrowers default payments (Phan, Sun, Zhou, and Beg, 2019). The solution identified to minimize the micro-credit risk is through the development of effective credit risk management policies, especially for the microcredits because, in most cases, they are not guaranteed by collaterals or insurance (Loubere, 2019). Transferring the risk to a third party reduces the chances of the lender suffering loan defaults from the clients. However, having a loan insurance cover and loan collateral is difficult for the microcredit borrowers in the rural areas because they live in a low-income economy and are trying to use the small credits to develop them. According to conducted studies, the attributes of accredit borrower evaluated via qualitative models can get the assignment of numbers that consists of the sum of the values with comparison a threshold. The strategies used by the technique reduces the cost of processing, minimizes individually subjective judgments and bias. A rating system is essential when it can indicate the changes of the credit loss in the level expected. Quantitative models facilitate a numerical establishment regarding the factors which are essential when analyzing credit default risk, establishing a relative degree of concern of the factors, enhancing credit default risk pricing, evaluating any reserve requirements which can be used in case of loan losses in the future (Nan, Gao, and Zhou, 2019. It can also be used to identify bad credit borrowers. Credit management practices are essential, considering that they assist in maximizing the value of the shareholders and the organizations.

Discussion

Based on the research, A rural microfinance banks service providers uses the version of the fine-tuned 5Csto to enhance the performance of their small loans. The strategy assists them in evaluating the creditworthiness of their clients. The 5Cs are character, collateral, capacity, condition, and capital (Fu and Turvey, 2018). Evaluating the applicant’s character involves analysis of the level of honesty, the existing credit history, and the reputation of the client in the community. The total score of the clients character weighs his/her trustworthiness. Capacity aims to weigh the client’s ability to pay by analyzing the cash flows, which entails the current expenses, income, and future expenses. Collateral concerns the various assets used to guarantee a loan (Jiang, Paudel, and Zou, 2020). However, in most cases, the micro-credit facilities focus on funding people with low income and may not have assets to pledge their loans. Therefore, they use the traditional collaterals like household property, harvest, etc., capital, on the other hand, measures the client’s net worth by evaluating the financial position, which helps in knowing the financial risks and crisis facing the borrower (Revindo and Gan, 2017). The major difference for microcredit is that the clients cannot afford collaterals; therefore, the service providers have to develop a close relationship with the customers and measure their creditworthiness (Qin, Wachenheim, Wang, and Zheng, 2019). Considering the situation of the microfinance bank, the service providers have no option but to make follow-up calls to their clients to ensure that the loans do not become overdue and fail to be paid. Legal actions are supposed to be taken when customers default payment of their loans through the court, but its not the best option for microcredits. The providers consult with the community leaders to act as mediators to the clients.

Elements of risk management

Variables	Category	Frequency	Percentage (%)
Is a risk appetite set?	yes	16	42
	No	23	59
There is the existence of written risk policies	Yes	18	46
	No	21	54
There is a risk management plan	Yes	36	88
	No	5	12
The organization address the most critical risks first	Yes	23	56
	No	18	44
There is a developed and implemented risk strategy	Yes	13	32
	No	24	59
All staff participate in risk management regardless of their level	Yes	17	42
	No	24	59
There is a developed risk assessment framework	Yes	14	32
	No	27	68
There are developed effective internal control mechanisms	Yes	32	78
	No	9	22
The system design and the operating process is integrated with risk management	Yes	27	66
	No	14	34
There is regular supervision, reporting, and updating of the credit risk management.	Yes	24	59
	No	17	41
There is active identification, categorization, and prioritization of risks before assessment.	Yes	24	61
	No	15	39

Source; self-made

The risk management plan is the first step of managing micro-credit risk, and according to the research conducted at A bank, the facility has a developed management plan. However, the respondents at different levels of management confirmed that the procedures and policies of the risk management plan are operational. In contrast, others said that not all the procedures stipulated in the management plan are operational. The fact that the respondents from the same organization have different thoughts about the existence of a credit risk management plan implies that some service providers do not follow up the plan when dealing with microcredit borrowers, which exposes the organization to credit risk (Song, Li and Xiao,2017). The situation may also indicate unskilled personnel within the organization and a lack of regular checks of the credit risk management plan procedures and its adherence among the service providers. To enhance the effectiveness of the micro-credit risk management plan, the procedures should be implemented by the entire team, including the organization clerks, and ensure regular checks of the practice of the regulations to enhance effectiveness. “A” bank should aim to recruit skilled staff and credit providers who understand the emphasis of credit risk management, considering that loans overdue and defaults threaten the company’s existence in the future. Bad credits can result in a liquidation of the organization leading to money losses and diminish the shareholders’ and organization’s value (Zhang, Huntsinger, Li and Li, 2018). Its essential to protect the microcredit sector because they play an essential role in china’s economy by supporting the low-income population facilitating the growth of the economy, and sustaining the growth of the financial sector in China.

Findings and Conclusions

Findings

Microcredit risk is among the primary issues affecting A bank and other rural micro-credit facilities in china. Both internal and external factors cause the micro-credit risks at “A.” The internal causes are commonly related to management. Firstly the credit risks can be caused by the ineffective management capability of the loans because credit service providers may have inadequate knowledge regarding the borrowers’ credibility of qualifying for a loan. Before giving credits to clients, the providers should use the 5Cs of credit risk management to avoid bias and subjective judgments regarding clients (Wang and Lee, 2018). Secondly, the bank has an inadequate risk Management team. Since credit risk is inevitable in financial institutions, it’s vital to hire skilled personnel who understand credit risk in financial institutions to assist in the development and implementation of procedures and practices of credit management in a more flexible manner. Thirdly, inadequate risk awareness is another factor that contributes to credit risk. Chinese banks have more focus on the marketing sector with the aim of securing a bigger market share. In most Chinese banks, there is no adequate awareness regarding credit risk, which may cause a significant loss.

Credit risks are inevitable at financial lending institutions, therefore, its essential to implement credit risk controls on the bank credit procedures to enhance the reliability of financial compliance and promote the effectiveness of the various related operations. The credit risk control measures include duties segregation. The duties of attending the client should be segregated. For instance, the provider screening the client should get separated from the provider authorizing the funding. Another credit control used at A bank is credit policy, whereby there is a specification of the staff who is supposed to approve credits, the step required to follow, and the amount that should get approved. Risk assessment is also essential for microcredit financial institutions because it lays down the possible risks likely to affect the institution’s finances and possible ways of managing them. According to the respondents, A bank does not focus on updating the organizations risk assessment. Although risk assessment is commonly done for the macro-finance institutions and commercial banks, A bank should ensure to establish a risk assessment to assist in managing the financial risks facing the organization.

Conclusion

The research of microcredit risk management in the finance industry was completed using “A” rural bank, a microfinance facility in china. Microcredit originations play a critical role in the Chinese economy by supporting the poor population through small loans and saving arrangements to promote the living standards of the poor and contribute to the growth of the economy. However, considering that the micro credit borrowers lack collateral to secure their loans, it contributes to the increased level of credit risk. According to the respondents from the research, the credit providers use call follow-up to persuade the defaulters to pay their overdue loans. Taking the defaulters to court is a legal action, but its not the best option for micro finances. The credit providers use community leaders as mediators to get the borrowers to pay their overdue loans. Since borrowers lack pledges, the credit providers have to get close to the clients and understand them. A bank uses the 5Cs to evaluate the clients trustworthiness and ability to repay the loan within the set period. Small borrowers need close supervision because they easily default payment of their credits. A risk management plan is essential in managing credit risk at lending institutions. “A” bank has a risk management plan, but its procedures and policies are not well adhered to. To enhance the effectiveness of the credit risk management, the procedures need regular checking and close supervision. Considering that the microfinance organization supports many people living in poverty, they play a significant role in the Chinese economy. Therefore the organization should receive support and social security from the government to enhance the support they offer to society while managing the possible risks. To enhance the effectiveness of the credit risk management plan, the microcredits design should be optimized by optimizing the processes management, regular inspection of the activities carried out in the process of providing small credits to borrowers. Additionally, external supervision should also be strengthened to minimize any possible risk that is likely to face the organization.

Recommendation

Microcredit organizations are exposed to a high level of credit risk because they provide small loans for the poor people who have no collateral assets or formal jobs to pledge for the loans they borrow. Based on the research, A bank experiences a significant risk of overdue loans and credit defaulters. Concerning credit risk management, its recommended that A bank should enhance the punishments policies imposed on loan defaulters. According to the respondents, the actions taken for clients with overdue loans are taking them to the community leaders for a negotiation. ” A” bank should start taking legal actions and letting the defaulters face the law. Additionally, late loan payments should get increased interest penalties, resulting in the disqualification of accessing the microcredits from the facility. Furthermore, it’s recommended that A bank should support insurance guarantee business for the small loans for the bank reduce the level of risk by transferring the risk to a third party. Additionally, its recommended that “A” bank support the training of the organizations personnel to enhance the workforce’s ability to make decisions to reduce the level of credit risk. Its also recommended that A bank should develop the credit system by optimizing the design of the small credits and process management of microcredits.

References

Fu, H. and Turvey, C.G., 2018. Current Conditions of Rural Credit in China. InThe Evolution of Agricultural Credit during Chinas Republican Era, 19121949(pp. 1-50). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.

Huang, R., 2018.How do manufacturing SMEs obtain loans in China? A culture embeddedness and informal institution perspective(Doctoral dissertation, University of Leicester).

Jiang, M., Paudel, K.P. and Zou, F., 2020. Do microcredit loans do what they are intended to do? A case study of the credit village microcredit program in China. Journal of International Development,32(5), pp.763-792.

Loubere, N., 2019.Development on Loan: Microcredit and Marginalisation in Rural China(p. 285). Amsterdam University Press.

Loubere, N., 2018. Indebted to development: microcredit as (de) marginalization in rural China. The Journal of Peasant Studies,45(3), pp.585-609.

Mao, J., Zhu, Q., Wachenheim, C.J. and Hanson, E.D., 2020. A Credit Scoring Model for Farmer Lending Decisions in Rural China.International Journal of Agricultural Management,8(4), pp.134-141.

Nan, Y., Gao, Y. and Zhou, Q., 2019. Rural credit cooperatives contribution to agricultural growth: evidence from China.Agricultural Finance Review.

Phan, C.T., Sun, S., Zhou, Z.Y. and Beg, R., 2019. Does microcredit increase household food consumption? A study of rural Vietnam.Journal of Asian Economics,62, pp.39-51.

Qin, M., Wachenheim, C.J., Wang, Z. and Zheng, S., 2019. Factors affecting Chinese farmers microcredit participation.Agricultural Finance Review.

Revindo, M.D. and Gan, C., 2017. Credit market and microcredit services in rural China. InMicrofinance in Asia(pp. 93-146).

Revindo, M.D. and Gan, C., 2017. Accessibility and impact of rural credit cooperatives microcredit programs to rural households: a case study from Hubei Province, China. Microfinance in Asia, World Scientific, pp.319-336.

Song, X., Li, L. and Xiao, L., 2017. Review of research on credit risk management for rural credit cooperatives.Journal of Risk Analysis and Crisis Response,7(1), pp.21-26.

Wang, Y. and Lee, Y.C., 2018. Customer Credit Evaluation Using Big Data of Microfinance Company in China: A Comparative Study of Data Mining Techniques. , pp.1601-1645.

Wang, Y., Wang, W. and Wang, J., 2017. Credit risk management framework for rural commercial banks in China.Journal of Financial Risk Management,6(01), p.48.

Zhang, J., Huntsinger, L., Li, Y., and Li, W., 2018. Is Microcredit a Form of Risk for Pastoral Households of Inner Mongolia’s Semiarid Rangelands?. Rangeland ecology & management,71(3), pp.382-388.

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We have highlighted some of the most popular subjects we handle above. Those are just a tip of the iceberg. We deal in all academic disciplines since our writers are as diverse. They have been drawn from across all disciplines, and orders are assigned to those writers believed to be the best in the field. In a nutshell, there is no task we cannot handle; all you need to do is place your order with us. As long as your instructions are clear, just trust we shall deliver irrespective of the discipline.

Are your writers competent enough to handle my paper?

Our essay writers are graduates with bachelor's, masters, Ph.D., and doctorate degrees in various subjects. The minimum requirement to be an essay writer with our essay writing service is to have a college degree. All our academic writers have a minimum of two years of academic writing. We have a stringent recruitment process to ensure that we get only the most competent essay writers in the industry. We also ensure that the writers are handsomely compensated for their value. The majority of our writers are native English speakers. As such, the fluency of language and grammar is impeccable.

What if I don’t like the paper?

There is a very low likelihood that you won’t like the paper.

Reasons being:

• When assigning your order, we match the paper’s discipline with the writer’s field/specialization. Since all our writers are graduates, we match the paper’s subject with the field the writer studied. For instance, if it’s a nursing paper, only a nursing graduate and writer will handle it. Furthermore, all our writers have academic writing experience and top-notch research skills.
• We have a quality assurance that reviews the paper before it gets to you. As such, we ensure that you get a paper that meets the required standard and will most definitely make the grade.

In the event that you don’t like your paper:

• The writer will revise the paper up to your pleasing. You have unlimited revisions. You simply need to highlight what specifically you don’t like about the paper, and the writer will make the amendments. The paper will be revised until you are satisfied. Revisions are free of charge
• We will have a different writer write the paper from scratch.
• Last resort, if the above does not work, we will refund your money.

Will the professor find out I didn’t write the paper myself?

Not at all. All papers are written from scratch. There is no way your tutor or instructor will realize that you did not write the paper yourself. In fact, we recommend using our assignment help services for consistent results.

What if the paper is plagiarized?

We check all papers for plagiarism before we submit them. We use powerful plagiarism checking software such as SafeAssign, LopesWrite, and Turnitin. We also upload the plagiarism report so that you can review it. We understand that plagiarism is academic suicide. We would not take the risk of submitting plagiarized work and jeopardize your academic journey. Furthermore, we do not sell or use prewritten papers, and each paper is written from scratch.

When will I get my paper?

You determine when you get the paper by setting the deadline when placing the order. All papers are delivered within the deadline. We are well aware that we operate in a time-sensitive industry. As such, we have laid out strategies to ensure that the client receives the paper on time and they never miss the deadline. We understand that papers that are submitted late have some points deducted. We do not want you to miss any points due to late submission. We work on beating deadlines by huge margins in order to ensure that you have ample time to review the paper before you submit it.

Will anyone find out that I used your services?

We have a privacy and confidentiality policy that guides our work. We NEVER share any customer information with third parties. Noone will ever know that you used our assignment help services. It’s only between you and us. We are bound by our policies to protect the customer’s identity and information. All your information, such as your names, phone number, email, order information, and so on, are protected. We have robust security systems that ensure that your data is protected. Hacking our systems is close to impossible, and it has never happened.

How our Assignment  Help Service Works

1.      Place an order

You fill all the paper instructions in the order form. Make sure you include all the helpful materials so that our academic writers can deliver the perfect paper. It will also help to eliminate unnecessary revisions.

2.      Pay for the order

Proceed to pay for the paper so that it can be assigned to one of our expert academic writers. The paper subject is matched with the writer’s area of specialization.

3.      Track the progress

You communicate with the writer and know about the progress of the paper. The client can ask the writer for drafts of the paper. The client can upload extra material and include additional instructions from the lecturer. Receive a paper.

4.      Download the paper

The paper is sent to your email and uploaded to your personal account. You also get a plagiarism report attached to your paper.

PLACE THIS ORDER OR A SIMILAR ORDER WITH US TODAY AND GET A PERFECT SCORE!!!

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